Hello, History 1805!
I should have mentioned this in class on Wednesday but was so excited about whales it slipped my mind: I would like you to do some reading for next week’s class! I am posting here, and also emailed to each of you, a short excerpt from Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species, the book that introduced Darwin’s theory of evolution to the world. I would like you to read this, and come to class prepared to discuss it on February 8th.
Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species (1859).
Our class is unusual for a history class (and other subjects too) in how little reading you actually have to do. So you might be wondering, “is this required? is this optional?” or even, “how will Prof. MacDougall make us read this?” The truth is, I cannot make you read anything. I am asking and encouraging you to read this piece. It is short, and it is worth it. You will get more out of the lecture if you read it, and material from it will probably appear on the exam. But the real reason to read this is that Darwin’s Origin of Species is one of the all time great works of scientific literature–great because of its historical importance, but great also because of how it is written and put together. You can actually learn a lot about how to make an argument (or how to write an essay for a university class) from reading Origin of Species. Finally, reading primary sources–that is, documents from other historical times–is one of, if not the, most important historical methods. Some would argue you are not really “doing history” until you start reading actual historical texts.
Here are some questions to think about as you read:
- First, WHAT is Darwin saying? Can you understand his argument? (If you can’t, that’s OK. And it’s something we can talk about in class. He is a good writer, but 19th-century writing is different than our own.) What is “the struggle for existence”? What is “natural selection”? How does Darwinian evolution work?
- Second, HOW does Darwin advance his argument? What kinds of evidence does he offer? How does he deal with possible objections or arguments against his theory?
- Third, are there things Darwin does NOT talk about? (Hint: what does he say about human beings?)
Please let me know (as always) if you have any questions or concerns. Have a great weekend and I will see you next Wednesday.